BONUS！！！ Jpexam L4M5ダンプの一部を無料でダウンロード：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gIjFUjoH9usIrr9pmsUJ4lFhOoWWH__9
数千人のCIPS専門家で構成された権威ある制作チームが、L4M5学習の質問を理解し、質の高い学習体験を楽しんでいます。試験概要と現在のポリシーの最近の変更に応じて、L4M5テストガイドの内容を随時更新します。また、L4M5試験の質問は、わかりにくい概念を簡素化して学習方法を最適化し、習熟度を高めるのに役立ちます。もう1つ、L4M5テストガイドを使用すると、試験を受ける前に20〜30時間の練習でCommercial Negotiation準備時間を短縮できることは間違いありません。
CIPS L4M5試験は、商業交渉に関連する広範なトピックをカバーしており、交渉プロセス、交渉技術、契約交渉における法的考慮事項などが含まれます。この試験では、交渉における効果的なコミュニケーション、ステークホルダー管理、リスク管理の重要性にも焦点が当てられています。この試験で獲得した知識とスキルは、サプライヤーやベンダー、その他のステークホルダーとの契約や合意を交渉する調達担当者にとって非常に関連性が高いものです。
CIPS L4M5認定試験は、商業交渉の分野における専門家の国際的に認められた認定です。この試験は、交渉戦略、戦術、コミュニケーションの分野における候補者の知識、スキル、能力を評価するように設計されています。この試験の完了は、候補者が幅広い商業環境で効果的に交渉するために必要なスキルと専門知識を持っていることを示しています。
状況によってはあなたを助けたり破ったりすることができるこの運命的な試験について、当社はこれらのL4M5練習資料を説明責任を持って作成しました。他の場所に受け入れられる可能性が高くなり、より高い給料や受け入れが得られることを理解しています。 L4M5トレーニング資料は当社の責任会社によって作成されているため、他の多くのメリットも得られます。参考のために無料のデモを提供し、専門家が自由に作成できる場合は新しいアップデートをお送りします。
質問 # 119
A buying organisation with a low spend and the reputation for paying late might be viewed by a supplier as which of the following?
正解：D
解説：
To answer this question, you should know The seller's perspective as in 'How to Negotiate Professionally':
Chart, treemap chart Description automatically generated
In the scenario, the buyer's spend is low, while they seem unattractive to seller (as they tend to pay late). So the buyer is classified as Nuisance in seller's perspective.
質問 # 120
In airline industry, suppliers prefer to adopt dynamic pricing in order to constantly monitor and change their fares inresponse to market conditions. Dynamics pricing is based on which costing method?
正解：C
解説：
Dynamic pricing is the practice of dynamically calculating the price of a product or service in order to incorporate real-time market conditions, input costs, and/or competitive perspectives. Dynamic pricing which is based on marginal costing, is used by airlines and many other organisations.
Marginal cost is the cost of producing an additional unit of output. Marginal Costing is a costing technique wherein the marginal cost, i.e. variable cost is charged to units of cost, while the fixed cost for the period is completely written off against the contribution.
質問 # 121
Procurement gets involved in negotiating purchase requisitions only when there is a value analysis to ensure that only value-adding aspects are included. Is this statement true?
正解：C
解説：
Procurement can negotiate various aspects of a purchase requisition even without a formal value analysis.
While value analysis can enhance cost-effectiveness, procurement professionals often negotiate on pricing, terms, and conditions to add value independently of value analysis, as per CIPS's guidelines on procurement flexibility in negotiations.
質問 # 122
When might a buyer decide to use a distributive approach to a negotiation with a supplier?
正解：C
解説：
A distributive approach is appropriate when multiple suppliers offer similar products, as this competitive environment allows the buyer to focus on maximizing their position rather than building long-term partnerships. CIPS suggests that a distributive or competitive approach is best used in non-critical purchases or when supplier dependency is low, as is the case here.
質問 # 123
According to Fiona Dent and Mike Brent, which of the following are characteristics of Push approach? Select TWO that apply.
正解：A、E
解説：
:
According to the book 'Influencing: Skills and techniques for business success' by Fiona Dent and Mike Brent, there are two major influencing styles. Push tends to be directive. It tells, and is clear and resolute, but needs to be employed in situations where firmness is required because of difficulties that exist or weakness is evident. Pull is more participatory and collaborative. It seeks to incorporate everyone's perspective. It can appear wishy-washy if not skilfully employed. That approach should be followed which is most likely to secure commitment and not mere compliance.
The two divisions can be further divided into four style categories: directive; persuasive reasoning; collaborative - team oriented, people oriented to inspire them with a vision. The directive style relies on your expertise and reputation being respected by others, and where there really does seem to be one answer. It is
"I" driven whereas persuasive reasoning is more "we" and issue driven. Directive styles can make the user appear as "a bull in a china shop"; persuasive reasoning can be portrayed as tough guy.
Collaborative influencing takes the "we" element further and seeks to mobilise everyone's ideas in a journey of discovery. It may have the flavour of "I'm your best friend", which may not go down too well. Visioning style is concerned to stir people's emotions in support of achieving an objective. This last one has been used by demagogues to stir people's hearts and minds for evil purposes as well as good.
A useful table offers the benefits, problems, words and body language associated with each style along with advice on when to use and when to avoid each. Cases and exercises illustrate these styles.
Empathy comes in for extended treatment with the definition of "standing in the other's shoes". This does not necessarily happen just intuitively, and therefore before a specific influencing effort there should be an intense effort to think about the other person or persons and to sense what it might feel like to be them - their hopes, fears, concerns, what turns them on, what turns them off, where are they coming from.
質問 # 124
......
テスト認定は、世界の労働市場で競争上の優位性を持っているか、仕事をする能力があるかどうかを証明できるため、L4M5試験は、この非常に競争の激しい言葉で現代人にとってますます重要になっていることがわかっています特定の領域、特に新しいコンピューターの時代に入ったとき。したがって、当社のL4M5練習トレントはこれらの学習グループ向けにカスタマイズされているため、より生産的かつ効率的な方法で試験に合格し、職場で成功を収めることができます。
L4M5合格資料: https://www.jpexam.com/L4M5_exam.html
P.S.JpexamがGoogle Driveで共有している無料の2025 CIPS L4M5ダンプ：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gIjFUjoH9usIrr9pmsUJ4lFhOoWWH__9
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce vitae risus nec dui venenatis dignissim.
